![]() Bonnevie et al investigated vaccine acceptance before the pandemic and in the middle of pandemic in 2020 and found stronger vaccine opposition on Twitter during the latter period. The vaccine rollout evoked a diverse set of reactions from the general population, be it for or against vaccination. These were also observed in vaccine-related search trends in early 2021, when resulting side effects were identified as a significant area of concern. However, these concerns persisted in the public eye, including issues like safety, the unusually quick development of vaccines, and possible side effects after administration. Prior to their widespread deployment, an early Twitter poll suggested that public sentiment toward vaccinations was mostly positive, with many individuals indicating that they would seek vaccination, despite ongoing concerns about the safety of the vaccines. Vaccinations have been proposed as one of the solutions to contain and end the COVID-19 pandemic. This could be due to fever possibly having a higher severity or measurability, and further implications are discussed. We also observed differences in side effects reported between Pfizer and Moderna vaccines from Japan and Indonesia, with more side effects reported for the Pfizer vaccine in Japanese tweets and more side effects with the Moderna vaccine reported in Indonesian tweets.Ĭonclusions: We note the possible consequences of vaccine side effect surveillance on Twitter and information dissemination, in that fever appears to be over-represented. Specifically, fever was mentioned much more frequently in tweets than would be expected based on the public reports. Results: We observed some differences in the ratio of side effects between the public reports and tweets. Afterward, logistic regression models were used to compare the side effects for the Pfizer and Moderna vaccines for each country. We compared the side effect counts to the public reports released by Pfizer and Moderna. Then, we filtered the data to select tweets mentioning Pfizer or Moderna only and removed tweets mentioning both. We then removed users with a high frequency of tweets and merged the tweets from multiple users as a single sentence to focus on user-level analysis, resulting in a total of 214,165 users (Japan) and 12,289 users (Indonesia). Methods: We obtained tweet data from Twitter using Japanese and Indonesian keywords related to COVID-19 vaccines and their side effects from January 1, 2021, to December 31, 2021. Objective: This study aimed to investigate how Twitter was used to report vaccine-related side effects and to compare the mentions of these side effects from 2 messenger RNA (mRNA) vaccine types developed by Pfizer and Moderna, in Japan and Indonesia. We focused on tweets from Japan and Indonesia, 2 countries with a large Twitter-using population, where concerns about side effects were consistently stated as a strong reason for vaccine hesitancy. Twitter, a popular social media platform, was instrumental in providing information about the COVID-19 vaccine and has been effective in observing public reactions. Graduate School of Science and Technologyīackground: The year 2021 was marked by vaccinations against COVID-19, which spurred wider discussion among the general population, with some in favor and some against vaccination. Asian/Pacific Island Nursing Journal 10 articles.JMIR Bioinformatics and Biotechnology 32 articles. ![]() JMIR Biomedical Engineering 68 articles.Journal of Participatory Medicine 78 articles. ![]() JMIR Perioperative Medicine 89 articles.JMIR Rehabilitation and Assistive Technologies 201 articles.
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